Post by Nursing Board 101 on Aug 18, 2010 12:47:36 GMT -5
RATIONALE FOR THE PRACTICE TEST
1. ( B ) Act 2808 approved on March 1, 1919 is considered as the first true nursing Law. Under this law, the first Board of Examiners for nurses was created composed of 3 members appointed by the Secretary of Interior, one of whom is a doctor of medicine and the two others are RN’s. This Law also specifically prohibits the practice of nursing without having been conferred or obtained the proper certificate of registration from the board of examiners for Nurses.
Act 2493 approved on February 5, 1915 refers to the act to providing for the examination of nurses in the Philippines. However, this act, which was the first law to affect the practice of nursing in the Philippines, consisted only of two sections of a law relating to the practice of medicine.
RA 9173 is the Philippine Nursing Act of 2002. This is the latest law that governs the practice of nursing in the Philippines that superseded or amended all the previous nursing laws passed in the country.
RA # 877 – An Act also known as the “Philippine Nursing Law” approved on June 19, 1953. This Law was sponsored by Senator Geromina T. Pecson which enacted “ to regulate the practice of nursing in the Philippines and to set up provisions for the registration of nurses, for the establishment and maintenance of standards of nursing education and nursing practice”.
2. (B) The composition of the Board of Nursing under RA 7164 otherwise known as the Philippine Nursing Act of 1991 is 5. Under Article III section 3 of RA 7164, the Board of Nursing shall be composed of a chairman and four members who shall be appointed by the President of the Philippines from a list of twelve nominees who are registered nurses of recognized standing and must possess prescribed qualification. However, this was already deleted in the latest Nursing Law or The Philippine Nursing Act of 2002. The Members were increased from 5 to 7. Article III Section 3 of RA 9173 states that there shall be created a Professional Regulatory Board of Nursing, hereinafter referred to as the Board to be composed of a chairperson and six members. They shall be appointed by the President of the Republic of the Philippines from among two recommendees, per vacancy, of the Professional Regulation Commission, chosen and ranked from a list of three nominees, per vacancy, of the accredited professional organization of nurses in the Philippines who possess the qualifications prescribed.
3. ( A ) The nursing areas covered and mentioned under Section 4 of RA 9173 are the following: Nursing Education, Nursing Service and Community Health Nursing. These are the areas which the members of the Board of Nursing must represent. Nursing Research is deemed covered under the Nursing Education.
4. (D) Article 3 Section 6 of the RA 9173 states that the term of office of the chairperson and the members of the board shall be for a term of 3 years and until their successors shall have been appointed and qualified provided that they may be reappointed for another term. Any Vacancy in the Board occurring within the term of a member shall be filled for the unexpired portion of the term only. Each member of the board shall take the proper oath of office prior to the performance of his or her duties. The incumbent Chairperson and the members of the board shall continue to serve for the remainder of their term under RA 7164 until their replacements have been appointed by the President of the Philippines and shall have been duly qualified. The Hold-over doctrine applies in the situation where the term of office of the incumbent officers have already expired but there are no replacements yet. They must continue to hold office until their successors shall been APPOINTED and QUALIFIED.
5. (D) Article IV Section 15 of RA 9173 provides: In order to pass the examination, an examinee must obtain a rating of not below sixty percent in any subject. An examinee who obtains an average rating of seventy-five percent or higher but gets a rating below sixty percent in any subject where he/she is rated below 60%. In order to pass the succeeding examination, an examinee must obtain a rating of at least 75% in the subject or subjects repeated. Section 16 of the RA 7164 was already deleted in the new Nursing Law of 2002, it requires examinees who fail the nurse licensure examination for the third time to take a refresher course consisting in enrollment and passing in the regular fourth year subjects in a recognized nursing school. The removal examination shall be taken within two years after the last failed exam.
6. (B) Article III Section 11 provides: The President of the Republic of the Philippines may remove or suspend any member of the Board of Nursing after having been given the opportunity to defend himself/herself in a proper administrative investigation, on the following grounds:
a. Continued neglect of duty or incompetence
b. Commission or toleration of irregularities in the licensure examination
c. Unprofessional, immoral or dishonorable conduct
7. (D) The PNA established in 1922 was responsible in lobbying our government for the adoption of the recommendations made by the international labor organization in 1977 with regard the status of the economic and social welfare of our nursing personnel. The Professional Regulation Commission of the Philippines duly recognizes the PNA as well as in the Section 3 (j) of the Implementing Rules and Regulation of RA 9173 issued by BON Board resolution number 425.
8. (C)Article V section 26 of RA 9173 provides: Nurses who have not actively practiced the profession for five (5) consecutive years are required to undergo one month didactic training and three months of practicum. The Board shall accredit Hospitals to conduct the said training program.
9. (B) Article V section 27 provides: A member of the faculty in a college of nursing teaching professional courses must:
a. Be a registered nurse in the Philippines
b. Have at least one year of clinical practice in a field of specialization
c. Be a member of good standing in the accredited professional organization; and
d. Be a holder of a master’ degree in nursing, education, or other allied medical and health sciences conferred by a college or university duly recognized by the Government of the Republic of the Philippines.
In addition to the aforementioned qualifications, the dean of a college must have a master’s degree in nursing. He/she must have at least 5 years of experience in nursing.
The citizenship requirement mentioned under RA 9173 is for those members of the Board of Nursing.
10. (C) RA 9173 abolished the previous requirement stated in the previous Nursing Act RA 7164 sec. 23, requiring applicants desiring to enroll in a nursing course to belong to the upper 40% of the graduating class of the general secondary course as certified by the school
11. (D) RA 9173 deleted the provision of RA 7164 section (4,f) requiring nurses who graduate from state colleges and universities to render, after being issued the necessary board licenses, at least 1 year of nursing service in the Philippines before they are allowed to leave for overseas jobs.
12. (B) RA 9173 Section (4e) provides: Not have been convicted of any offense involving moral turpitude. In addition to this, the chairperson and the members of the board must possess the following:
a. Be a natural born citizen and resident of the Philippines
b. Be a member of good standing of the accredited professional organization of nurses;
c. Be a registered nurse and a holder of master’s degree in nursing, education or other allied medical profession conferred by a college or university duly recognized by the government.
d. Have at least ten years of continuous practice of the profession prior to appointment, provided, however, that the last 5 years of which shall be in the Philippines.
13. (D) Of the ten years of continuous practice of the profession prior to appointment, it is enough that the last five years must have been practiced in the Philippines. RA 9173 already deleted the provision that the ten continuous practice as provided in previous laws be practiced in the Philippines.
14. (B) The Board of Nursing cannot close down the operation of a nursing school with poor standards. This power is vested in the CHED and the Board may only RECOMMEND to the Board the closing or opening of Nursing Schools. RA 9173 section 9 (d) provides: Ensure quality nursing education by examining the prescribed facilities of universities or colleges of nursing or departments of nursing education and those seeking permission to open nursing courses to ensure that standards of nursing education are properly complied with and maintained at all times. The authority to open and close colleges of nursing and/or nursing education programs shall be vested on the Commission of Higher Education upon written recommendation of the Board.
15. (B) Section 28 (g) RA 9173 added the provision: Inhibition to practice nursing profession during the period of suspension. Teaching, either part-time or full time in the college of nursing is within the meaning of nursing practice under RA 9173
16. ( C ) The suspension order is automatically lifted after the lapsed of the prescribed period and she does not need to write the Board to get back her license. Only revoked license by the Board has the additional requirement of notifying the Board after four years since the time of revocation.
17. ( C ) An additional provision of RA 9173 is that, the Board of Nursing cannot suspend any nurse for more than four years. Suspension orders must be limited only up to four years. The power to revoke the certificate of license to practice of nursing is no longer perpetual. The nurse with revoked license may apply again for a new certificate after the lapsed of four years after writing the BON.
18. ( D ) The power to revoke the certificate of license to practice of nursing by the Board of Nursing is no longer perpetual. The nurse with revoked license may apply again for a new certificate after the lapsed of four years after writing the BON.
19. ( A ) it is incorrect statement because under RA 9173, the special IV therapy training requirement was already deleted, however, the Nursing Service Administrators still requires the nurses to attend formal training in this aspect for the safety of the patient, and the protection of the nurse and of the agency/institution where the patient is being treated or confined.
20. ( A ) Special training for nursing suturing the lacerated perineum is a new provision of RA 9173 provided the nurse undergo a training being undertaken by Nursing Administrators of the Philippines (ANSAP) with the Maternal Child Association of the Philippines ( MCNAP )
21. ( C ) Act # 1931 – Created for the establishment of nursing schools in the country under the Bureau of Education in 1909.
22. ( D ) Henderson’s Definition of Nursing- The definition of nursing given by Virginia Henderson in 1955 became a milestone in the development of nursing as discipline apart from medicine. The focus on her Nursing Concept is to help individuals and families gain independence in meeting the 14 fundamental needs;
1. Breathing normally
2. Eating and drinking adequately
3. Eliminating body wastes
4. Moving and maintaining desirable position
5. Sleeping and resting
6. Selecting suitable clothes
7. Maintaining body temperature within normal range by adjusting clothing and modifying the environment
8. Keeping the body clean and well-groomed to protect the integument
9. Avoiding dangers in the environment and avoiding injuring others
10. Communicating with others in expressing emotions, needs, fears, or opinions
11. Worshipping according to one’s faith
12. Working in such a way that one feels a sense of accomplishment
13. Playing or participating in various forms of recreation
14. Learning, discovering, or satisfying the curiosity that leads to normal development and health, and using available health facilities.
23. ( A ) Rogers’s Science of Unitary Human Beings - Martha Rogers views the person as an irreducible whole, the whole being greater than the sum of its parts. Her Key concepts in describing the individual are energy fields, openness, pattern and organization, and multidimensionality. She described the Unitary Man as:
Irreducible, four-dimensional energy field identified by pattern.
Manifesting characteristics different from the sum of the parts
Interacts continuously and creatively with the environment
Behaving as a totality
Participating creatively in change
24. ( A ) Peplau’s Psychodynamic Nursing Theory- Hildegard Peplau introduced and defined psychodynamic nursing as understanding one’s own behavior to help others identify felt difficulties and applying principles of human relations to problems arising during the experience. She also described the nurse-patient relationship in four phases.
25. ( D ) Leininger’s Transcultural Care Theory – Madeleine Leininger established the transcultural nursing which she defined as a major area of nursing that focuses on comparative study and analysis of different cultures and subcultures in the world, with respect to their:
Caring behavior
Nursing care
Health values
Beliefs
Patterns
26. ( C ) Occupational Health Nurse/ Industrial Nurse – one employed in industry that gives immediate care to ill or injured workers, follows up on the sick and the injured, and helps develop accident prevention and health programs for the workers.
27. ( D ) Watson’s Philosophy and Science of Caring – Jean Watson believes the practice of caring is central to nursing; it is a unifying focus for practice. According to her, there are two major assumptions that underlie human care (carative factors):
care and love constitute the primal and universal psychic energy
care and love are requisite for our survival and the nourishment of the society
28. ( D ) Roy’s Adaptation Model – Sister Callista Roy focuses on the individual as a biophysical adaptive system. Both the individual and the environment are sources of stimuli that require modification to promote adaptation, an ongoing purposive response. Roy identified three classes of stimuli:
Focal Stimulus: the internal or external stimulus most immediately confronting the person and confronting the behavior.
Contextual stimuli: all other internal or external stimuli present
Residual Stimuli: beliefs, attitudes, or traits having an intermediate effect on the person’s behavior but whose effects are not validated.
29 . ( B ) RA # 1080 – This act approved on 1954 is also known as, An Act Declaring the Bar and Board Examinations as “ Civil Service Examinations” which means that when a four year degree course graduate had passed the board examinations or the Bar examinations for lawyers they automatically become first grade civil service eligible.
30. ( D ) RA # 877 – An Act also known as the “Philippine Nursing Law” approved on June 19, 1953. This Law was sponsored by Senator Geromina T. Pecson which enacted “ to regulate the practice of nursing in the Philippines and to set up provisions for the registration of nurses, for the establishment and maintenance of standards of nursing education and nursing practice”.
31. ( B ) RA # 6136 – In 1971, This Republic Act introduced other minor revisions in the nursing law thus amending RA 4704 of 1966.
32. ( D ) RA 8981 – “ PRC MODERNIZATION ACT OF 2000” This Act gave the Professional Regulatory Commission its regulatory powers and is now an agency of its own.
33. ( C ) Presidential Decree 996 – COMPULSORY IMMUNIZATION for all children below eight years old.
34. ( D ) RA 6425 – “DANGEROUS DRUG ACT” enacted in 1972 declaring that sale, administration, delivery, distribution, and transportation of prohibited drugs are punishable by law.
35. ( A ) RA 1082 – creation of RURAL HEALTH UNITS in the Philippines.
36. ( D ) Proclamation No. 539 – The President of the Philippines declared on October 17, 1958 that the last week of October (through this proclamation ) as the “NURSES WEEK”
37 ( C ) Neuman’s Health Care Systems Model – Betty Neuman views the client as an open system consisting of a basic structure or central core of energy resources (physiologic, psychologic, sociocultural, developmental, and spiritual) surrounded by two concentric boundaries or rings referred to as lines of resistance. She identified individual’s response to stress and the nursing interventions to be carried out on three preventive levels:
Primary prevention
Secondary prevention
Tertiary Prevention
38. ( B ) Presidential Decree 148 – “ WOMAN AND CHILD LABOR LAW” The employable age is 16 years and above and further provides for the privileges of working women.
39. ( A ) PD 603 – CHILD AND YOUTH WELFARE CODE protects and promotes the rights and welfare of children and youth.
40. ( D ) RA 7160 – LOCAL GOVERNMENT CODE OF 1991devolution of powers from national to local government.
41. ( D ) RA 7432 – SENIOR CITIZENS ACT does honor and justice to our people’s long tradition of giving high regard to elderly. 20% discount in all public establishments such as restaurants, pharmacies, public utility vehicles and hospitals.
42. ( D ) RA 6758 - standardized the salaries of government employees which include the nursing personnel.
43.( C ) RA 4226 – HOSPITAL LICENSURE ACT requires all hospital in the country to be licensed before it can offer to serve the community. The licensing agency is the Office For Hospital and Medical Services, Department of Health.
44. ( A ) RA 1612 – Refers to the payment of PRIVILEGE TAX before any business or occupation can be lawfully begun or pursued.
45. ( D ) Letter of Instruction No. 47 – directs all schools of medicine, nursing, midwifery and allied medical professions and social work to prepare, plan, and implement the INTEGRATION OF FAMILY PLANNING in their curricula and to require from their graduates sufficient appropriate licensing examination.
46. ( B ) PD 442 – LABOR CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES provides the right of the workers to self-organization and collective bargaining agreement.
47. ( C ) RA 5181 – An act that prescribes PERMANENT RESIDENCE and reciprocity as qualifications for any examination or registration for the practice of any profession in the Philippines
48. ( D ) PD 69 – limits the number of children to FOUR for TAX EXEMPTIONS purposes.
49. ( A ) PD 48 – limits paid MATERNITY LEAVE privileges to four children.
50. ( B ) PRC Resolution No. 2004-17 Series of 2004 – RE-IMPLEMENTED CONTINUING PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION requiring sixty (60) credit units for three years for professionals with bachelor’s degree
51. ( B ) documentation of unusual occurrences, incidents, and accidents, and of the nursing actions taken as a result of an occurrence, is internal to the institution or hospital policy and allows the nurse and administration to review the quality of care and determine any potential risks present. On the basis of the information provided in the question, the nurse’s error will not result in suspension, nor will it be documented in the personnel file. The error and the situation presented in the question are not a reason for notifying the Board of Nursing.
52. ( D ) Generally, there are only two instances in which the informed consent of an adult client is not needed. One instance is when an emergency is present and delaying treatment for the purpose of obtaining informed consent would result in injury or death to the client. The second instance is when the client waives his right to informed consent. Option B will delay emergency treatment, and option C is inappropriate. Although option A may be pursued, it is not the best initial action.
53. ( D ) Invasion of privacy takes place when an individual’s private affairs are unreasonably intruded into. Telling a client that he or she cannot leave the hospital constitutes false imprisonment or illegal detention. Threatening to give a client a medication constitutes assault. Performing a procedure without consent is an example of battery.
54. ( D ) Sexually suggestive jokes, touching, pressuring, a coworker for a date, and open displays of sexually oriented photographs or posters including lewd text messages are examples of conduct that be considered sexual harassment by another coworker. If the nurse believes that he or she is being subjected to unwelcome sexual conduct, these concerns should be reported to the nursing supervisor immediately. The other options are unnecessary at this time. Option A is inappropriate.
55. ( D ) If the physician writes an order that requires clarification, it is the nurse’s responsibility to contact the physician for clarification. If there is no resolution regarding the order because the physician cannot be located, or because the order remain as it was written after the nurse talks with the physician, the nurse should then should contact the nurse supervisor for further clarification as to what the next step should be. Under no circumstances should the nurse proceed to carry out the order until clarification is obtained. Holding the medication can injure the client. The nurse must take action after clarification of the order.
56. ( C ) Beneficence - any action that would BENEFIT others. The principle that imposes upon the practitioner to seek the good for the patients under all circumstances. Beneficence connotes POSITIVE action toward preventing or removing harm and promoting good such as:
One ought to prevent evil or harm
One ought to remove evil or harm
One ought to do or promote good.
57. ( D ) Nonmaleficence – states the idea to REFRAIN from inflicting harm. “one ought NOT to inflict evil or harm. The admonition of nonmaleficence is stated in the negative manner while the beneficence is in the positive.
58. ( B) Autonomy - In health care, it means the form of personal LIBERTY, where the individual is free to choose and implement ones’ own decisions, free from deceit, duress, constraint, or coercion. Three Basic elements involved:
ability to decide
power to act upon your decisions
a respect for the individual autonomy of others.
59. ( C ) Nonmaleficence – states the idea to REFRAIN from inflicting harm. “one ought NOT to inflict evil or harm. The admonition of nonmaleficence is stated in the negative manner while the beneficence is in the positive.
60. (D) Justice – The basic principle that deals with FAIRNESS, just deserts, and entitlements in the distribution of goods and services. In health care, justice seems to point to distributive justice that deals with the allocation of scarce resources. ARTICLE XIII of the 1987 Constitution provides: The State shall adopt an integrated and comprehensive approach to health development and shall endeavor to make essential goods; health and social services available to all people at affordable cost. There shall be priority for the needs of the underprivileged, the sick, the elderly and the disabled, the women and the children. The State shall endeavor to provide free medical care to paupers, establish and maintain an effective food and drug regulatory system, and undertake appropriate health manpower and development and research responsive to the country’s health needs and problems. It shall establish a special agency for disabled persons for their rehabilitation.
Some methods of distributing goods and services in our society are as follows:
To each, an equal share
To each, according to need
To each, according to effort
To each, according to contribution
To each, according to merit
To each, according to ability to pay
1. ( B ) Act 2808 approved on March 1, 1919 is considered as the first true nursing Law. Under this law, the first Board of Examiners for nurses was created composed of 3 members appointed by the Secretary of Interior, one of whom is a doctor of medicine and the two others are RN’s. This Law also specifically prohibits the practice of nursing without having been conferred or obtained the proper certificate of registration from the board of examiners for Nurses.
Act 2493 approved on February 5, 1915 refers to the act to providing for the examination of nurses in the Philippines. However, this act, which was the first law to affect the practice of nursing in the Philippines, consisted only of two sections of a law relating to the practice of medicine.
RA 9173 is the Philippine Nursing Act of 2002. This is the latest law that governs the practice of nursing in the Philippines that superseded or amended all the previous nursing laws passed in the country.
RA # 877 – An Act also known as the “Philippine Nursing Law” approved on June 19, 1953. This Law was sponsored by Senator Geromina T. Pecson which enacted “ to regulate the practice of nursing in the Philippines and to set up provisions for the registration of nurses, for the establishment and maintenance of standards of nursing education and nursing practice”.
2. (B) The composition of the Board of Nursing under RA 7164 otherwise known as the Philippine Nursing Act of 1991 is 5. Under Article III section 3 of RA 7164, the Board of Nursing shall be composed of a chairman and four members who shall be appointed by the President of the Philippines from a list of twelve nominees who are registered nurses of recognized standing and must possess prescribed qualification. However, this was already deleted in the latest Nursing Law or The Philippine Nursing Act of 2002. The Members were increased from 5 to 7. Article III Section 3 of RA 9173 states that there shall be created a Professional Regulatory Board of Nursing, hereinafter referred to as the Board to be composed of a chairperson and six members. They shall be appointed by the President of the Republic of the Philippines from among two recommendees, per vacancy, of the Professional Regulation Commission, chosen and ranked from a list of three nominees, per vacancy, of the accredited professional organization of nurses in the Philippines who possess the qualifications prescribed.
3. ( A ) The nursing areas covered and mentioned under Section 4 of RA 9173 are the following: Nursing Education, Nursing Service and Community Health Nursing. These are the areas which the members of the Board of Nursing must represent. Nursing Research is deemed covered under the Nursing Education.
4. (D) Article 3 Section 6 of the RA 9173 states that the term of office of the chairperson and the members of the board shall be for a term of 3 years and until their successors shall have been appointed and qualified provided that they may be reappointed for another term. Any Vacancy in the Board occurring within the term of a member shall be filled for the unexpired portion of the term only. Each member of the board shall take the proper oath of office prior to the performance of his or her duties. The incumbent Chairperson and the members of the board shall continue to serve for the remainder of their term under RA 7164 until their replacements have been appointed by the President of the Philippines and shall have been duly qualified. The Hold-over doctrine applies in the situation where the term of office of the incumbent officers have already expired but there are no replacements yet. They must continue to hold office until their successors shall been APPOINTED and QUALIFIED.
5. (D) Article IV Section 15 of RA 9173 provides: In order to pass the examination, an examinee must obtain a rating of not below sixty percent in any subject. An examinee who obtains an average rating of seventy-five percent or higher but gets a rating below sixty percent in any subject where he/she is rated below 60%. In order to pass the succeeding examination, an examinee must obtain a rating of at least 75% in the subject or subjects repeated. Section 16 of the RA 7164 was already deleted in the new Nursing Law of 2002, it requires examinees who fail the nurse licensure examination for the third time to take a refresher course consisting in enrollment and passing in the regular fourth year subjects in a recognized nursing school. The removal examination shall be taken within two years after the last failed exam.
6. (B) Article III Section 11 provides: The President of the Republic of the Philippines may remove or suspend any member of the Board of Nursing after having been given the opportunity to defend himself/herself in a proper administrative investigation, on the following grounds:
a. Continued neglect of duty or incompetence
b. Commission or toleration of irregularities in the licensure examination
c. Unprofessional, immoral or dishonorable conduct
7. (D) The PNA established in 1922 was responsible in lobbying our government for the adoption of the recommendations made by the international labor organization in 1977 with regard the status of the economic and social welfare of our nursing personnel. The Professional Regulation Commission of the Philippines duly recognizes the PNA as well as in the Section 3 (j) of the Implementing Rules and Regulation of RA 9173 issued by BON Board resolution number 425.
8. (C)Article V section 26 of RA 9173 provides: Nurses who have not actively practiced the profession for five (5) consecutive years are required to undergo one month didactic training and three months of practicum. The Board shall accredit Hospitals to conduct the said training program.
9. (B) Article V section 27 provides: A member of the faculty in a college of nursing teaching professional courses must:
a. Be a registered nurse in the Philippines
b. Have at least one year of clinical practice in a field of specialization
c. Be a member of good standing in the accredited professional organization; and
d. Be a holder of a master’ degree in nursing, education, or other allied medical and health sciences conferred by a college or university duly recognized by the Government of the Republic of the Philippines.
In addition to the aforementioned qualifications, the dean of a college must have a master’s degree in nursing. He/she must have at least 5 years of experience in nursing.
The citizenship requirement mentioned under RA 9173 is for those members of the Board of Nursing.
10. (C) RA 9173 abolished the previous requirement stated in the previous Nursing Act RA 7164 sec. 23, requiring applicants desiring to enroll in a nursing course to belong to the upper 40% of the graduating class of the general secondary course as certified by the school
11. (D) RA 9173 deleted the provision of RA 7164 section (4,f) requiring nurses who graduate from state colleges and universities to render, after being issued the necessary board licenses, at least 1 year of nursing service in the Philippines before they are allowed to leave for overseas jobs.
12. (B) RA 9173 Section (4e) provides: Not have been convicted of any offense involving moral turpitude. In addition to this, the chairperson and the members of the board must possess the following:
a. Be a natural born citizen and resident of the Philippines
b. Be a member of good standing of the accredited professional organization of nurses;
c. Be a registered nurse and a holder of master’s degree in nursing, education or other allied medical profession conferred by a college or university duly recognized by the government.
d. Have at least ten years of continuous practice of the profession prior to appointment, provided, however, that the last 5 years of which shall be in the Philippines.
13. (D) Of the ten years of continuous practice of the profession prior to appointment, it is enough that the last five years must have been practiced in the Philippines. RA 9173 already deleted the provision that the ten continuous practice as provided in previous laws be practiced in the Philippines.
14. (B) The Board of Nursing cannot close down the operation of a nursing school with poor standards. This power is vested in the CHED and the Board may only RECOMMEND to the Board the closing or opening of Nursing Schools. RA 9173 section 9 (d) provides: Ensure quality nursing education by examining the prescribed facilities of universities or colleges of nursing or departments of nursing education and those seeking permission to open nursing courses to ensure that standards of nursing education are properly complied with and maintained at all times. The authority to open and close colleges of nursing and/or nursing education programs shall be vested on the Commission of Higher Education upon written recommendation of the Board.
15. (B) Section 28 (g) RA 9173 added the provision: Inhibition to practice nursing profession during the period of suspension. Teaching, either part-time or full time in the college of nursing is within the meaning of nursing practice under RA 9173
16. ( C ) The suspension order is automatically lifted after the lapsed of the prescribed period and she does not need to write the Board to get back her license. Only revoked license by the Board has the additional requirement of notifying the Board after four years since the time of revocation.
17. ( C ) An additional provision of RA 9173 is that, the Board of Nursing cannot suspend any nurse for more than four years. Suspension orders must be limited only up to four years. The power to revoke the certificate of license to practice of nursing is no longer perpetual. The nurse with revoked license may apply again for a new certificate after the lapsed of four years after writing the BON.
18. ( D ) The power to revoke the certificate of license to practice of nursing by the Board of Nursing is no longer perpetual. The nurse with revoked license may apply again for a new certificate after the lapsed of four years after writing the BON.
19. ( A ) it is incorrect statement because under RA 9173, the special IV therapy training requirement was already deleted, however, the Nursing Service Administrators still requires the nurses to attend formal training in this aspect for the safety of the patient, and the protection of the nurse and of the agency/institution where the patient is being treated or confined.
20. ( A ) Special training for nursing suturing the lacerated perineum is a new provision of RA 9173 provided the nurse undergo a training being undertaken by Nursing Administrators of the Philippines (ANSAP) with the Maternal Child Association of the Philippines ( MCNAP )
21. ( C ) Act # 1931 – Created for the establishment of nursing schools in the country under the Bureau of Education in 1909.
22. ( D ) Henderson’s Definition of Nursing- The definition of nursing given by Virginia Henderson in 1955 became a milestone in the development of nursing as discipline apart from medicine. The focus on her Nursing Concept is to help individuals and families gain independence in meeting the 14 fundamental needs;
1. Breathing normally
2. Eating and drinking adequately
3. Eliminating body wastes
4. Moving and maintaining desirable position
5. Sleeping and resting
6. Selecting suitable clothes
7. Maintaining body temperature within normal range by adjusting clothing and modifying the environment
8. Keeping the body clean and well-groomed to protect the integument
9. Avoiding dangers in the environment and avoiding injuring others
10. Communicating with others in expressing emotions, needs, fears, or opinions
11. Worshipping according to one’s faith
12. Working in such a way that one feels a sense of accomplishment
13. Playing or participating in various forms of recreation
14. Learning, discovering, or satisfying the curiosity that leads to normal development and health, and using available health facilities.
23. ( A ) Rogers’s Science of Unitary Human Beings - Martha Rogers views the person as an irreducible whole, the whole being greater than the sum of its parts. Her Key concepts in describing the individual are energy fields, openness, pattern and organization, and multidimensionality. She described the Unitary Man as:
Irreducible, four-dimensional energy field identified by pattern.
Manifesting characteristics different from the sum of the parts
Interacts continuously and creatively with the environment
Behaving as a totality
Participating creatively in change
24. ( A ) Peplau’s Psychodynamic Nursing Theory- Hildegard Peplau introduced and defined psychodynamic nursing as understanding one’s own behavior to help others identify felt difficulties and applying principles of human relations to problems arising during the experience. She also described the nurse-patient relationship in four phases.
25. ( D ) Leininger’s Transcultural Care Theory – Madeleine Leininger established the transcultural nursing which she defined as a major area of nursing that focuses on comparative study and analysis of different cultures and subcultures in the world, with respect to their:
Caring behavior
Nursing care
Health values
Beliefs
Patterns
26. ( C ) Occupational Health Nurse/ Industrial Nurse – one employed in industry that gives immediate care to ill or injured workers, follows up on the sick and the injured, and helps develop accident prevention and health programs for the workers.
27. ( D ) Watson’s Philosophy and Science of Caring – Jean Watson believes the practice of caring is central to nursing; it is a unifying focus for practice. According to her, there are two major assumptions that underlie human care (carative factors):
care and love constitute the primal and universal psychic energy
care and love are requisite for our survival and the nourishment of the society
28. ( D ) Roy’s Adaptation Model – Sister Callista Roy focuses on the individual as a biophysical adaptive system. Both the individual and the environment are sources of stimuli that require modification to promote adaptation, an ongoing purposive response. Roy identified three classes of stimuli:
Focal Stimulus: the internal or external stimulus most immediately confronting the person and confronting the behavior.
Contextual stimuli: all other internal or external stimuli present
Residual Stimuli: beliefs, attitudes, or traits having an intermediate effect on the person’s behavior but whose effects are not validated.
29 . ( B ) RA # 1080 – This act approved on 1954 is also known as, An Act Declaring the Bar and Board Examinations as “ Civil Service Examinations” which means that when a four year degree course graduate had passed the board examinations or the Bar examinations for lawyers they automatically become first grade civil service eligible.
30. ( D ) RA # 877 – An Act also known as the “Philippine Nursing Law” approved on June 19, 1953. This Law was sponsored by Senator Geromina T. Pecson which enacted “ to regulate the practice of nursing in the Philippines and to set up provisions for the registration of nurses, for the establishment and maintenance of standards of nursing education and nursing practice”.
31. ( B ) RA # 6136 – In 1971, This Republic Act introduced other minor revisions in the nursing law thus amending RA 4704 of 1966.
32. ( D ) RA 8981 – “ PRC MODERNIZATION ACT OF 2000” This Act gave the Professional Regulatory Commission its regulatory powers and is now an agency of its own.
33. ( C ) Presidential Decree 996 – COMPULSORY IMMUNIZATION for all children below eight years old.
34. ( D ) RA 6425 – “DANGEROUS DRUG ACT” enacted in 1972 declaring that sale, administration, delivery, distribution, and transportation of prohibited drugs are punishable by law.
35. ( A ) RA 1082 – creation of RURAL HEALTH UNITS in the Philippines.
36. ( D ) Proclamation No. 539 – The President of the Philippines declared on October 17, 1958 that the last week of October (through this proclamation ) as the “NURSES WEEK”
37 ( C ) Neuman’s Health Care Systems Model – Betty Neuman views the client as an open system consisting of a basic structure or central core of energy resources (physiologic, psychologic, sociocultural, developmental, and spiritual) surrounded by two concentric boundaries or rings referred to as lines of resistance. She identified individual’s response to stress and the nursing interventions to be carried out on three preventive levels:
Primary prevention
Secondary prevention
Tertiary Prevention
38. ( B ) Presidential Decree 148 – “ WOMAN AND CHILD LABOR LAW” The employable age is 16 years and above and further provides for the privileges of working women.
39. ( A ) PD 603 – CHILD AND YOUTH WELFARE CODE protects and promotes the rights and welfare of children and youth.
40. ( D ) RA 7160 – LOCAL GOVERNMENT CODE OF 1991devolution of powers from national to local government.
41. ( D ) RA 7432 – SENIOR CITIZENS ACT does honor and justice to our people’s long tradition of giving high regard to elderly. 20% discount in all public establishments such as restaurants, pharmacies, public utility vehicles and hospitals.
42. ( D ) RA 6758 - standardized the salaries of government employees which include the nursing personnel.
43.( C ) RA 4226 – HOSPITAL LICENSURE ACT requires all hospital in the country to be licensed before it can offer to serve the community. The licensing agency is the Office For Hospital and Medical Services, Department of Health.
44. ( A ) RA 1612 – Refers to the payment of PRIVILEGE TAX before any business or occupation can be lawfully begun or pursued.
45. ( D ) Letter of Instruction No. 47 – directs all schools of medicine, nursing, midwifery and allied medical professions and social work to prepare, plan, and implement the INTEGRATION OF FAMILY PLANNING in their curricula and to require from their graduates sufficient appropriate licensing examination.
46. ( B ) PD 442 – LABOR CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES provides the right of the workers to self-organization and collective bargaining agreement.
47. ( C ) RA 5181 – An act that prescribes PERMANENT RESIDENCE and reciprocity as qualifications for any examination or registration for the practice of any profession in the Philippines
48. ( D ) PD 69 – limits the number of children to FOUR for TAX EXEMPTIONS purposes.
49. ( A ) PD 48 – limits paid MATERNITY LEAVE privileges to four children.
50. ( B ) PRC Resolution No. 2004-17 Series of 2004 – RE-IMPLEMENTED CONTINUING PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION requiring sixty (60) credit units for three years for professionals with bachelor’s degree
51. ( B ) documentation of unusual occurrences, incidents, and accidents, and of the nursing actions taken as a result of an occurrence, is internal to the institution or hospital policy and allows the nurse and administration to review the quality of care and determine any potential risks present. On the basis of the information provided in the question, the nurse’s error will not result in suspension, nor will it be documented in the personnel file. The error and the situation presented in the question are not a reason for notifying the Board of Nursing.
52. ( D ) Generally, there are only two instances in which the informed consent of an adult client is not needed. One instance is when an emergency is present and delaying treatment for the purpose of obtaining informed consent would result in injury or death to the client. The second instance is when the client waives his right to informed consent. Option B will delay emergency treatment, and option C is inappropriate. Although option A may be pursued, it is not the best initial action.
53. ( D ) Invasion of privacy takes place when an individual’s private affairs are unreasonably intruded into. Telling a client that he or she cannot leave the hospital constitutes false imprisonment or illegal detention. Threatening to give a client a medication constitutes assault. Performing a procedure without consent is an example of battery.
54. ( D ) Sexually suggestive jokes, touching, pressuring, a coworker for a date, and open displays of sexually oriented photographs or posters including lewd text messages are examples of conduct that be considered sexual harassment by another coworker. If the nurse believes that he or she is being subjected to unwelcome sexual conduct, these concerns should be reported to the nursing supervisor immediately. The other options are unnecessary at this time. Option A is inappropriate.
55. ( D ) If the physician writes an order that requires clarification, it is the nurse’s responsibility to contact the physician for clarification. If there is no resolution regarding the order because the physician cannot be located, or because the order remain as it was written after the nurse talks with the physician, the nurse should then should contact the nurse supervisor for further clarification as to what the next step should be. Under no circumstances should the nurse proceed to carry out the order until clarification is obtained. Holding the medication can injure the client. The nurse must take action after clarification of the order.
56. ( C ) Beneficence - any action that would BENEFIT others. The principle that imposes upon the practitioner to seek the good for the patients under all circumstances. Beneficence connotes POSITIVE action toward preventing or removing harm and promoting good such as:
One ought to prevent evil or harm
One ought to remove evil or harm
One ought to do or promote good.
57. ( D ) Nonmaleficence – states the idea to REFRAIN from inflicting harm. “one ought NOT to inflict evil or harm. The admonition of nonmaleficence is stated in the negative manner while the beneficence is in the positive.
58. ( B) Autonomy - In health care, it means the form of personal LIBERTY, where the individual is free to choose and implement ones’ own decisions, free from deceit, duress, constraint, or coercion. Three Basic elements involved:
ability to decide
power to act upon your decisions
a respect for the individual autonomy of others.
59. ( C ) Nonmaleficence – states the idea to REFRAIN from inflicting harm. “one ought NOT to inflict evil or harm. The admonition of nonmaleficence is stated in the negative manner while the beneficence is in the positive.
60. (D) Justice – The basic principle that deals with FAIRNESS, just deserts, and entitlements in the distribution of goods and services. In health care, justice seems to point to distributive justice that deals with the allocation of scarce resources. ARTICLE XIII of the 1987 Constitution provides: The State shall adopt an integrated and comprehensive approach to health development and shall endeavor to make essential goods; health and social services available to all people at affordable cost. There shall be priority for the needs of the underprivileged, the sick, the elderly and the disabled, the women and the children. The State shall endeavor to provide free medical care to paupers, establish and maintain an effective food and drug regulatory system, and undertake appropriate health manpower and development and research responsive to the country’s health needs and problems. It shall establish a special agency for disabled persons for their rehabilitation.
Some methods of distributing goods and services in our society are as follows:
To each, an equal share
To each, according to need
To each, according to effort
To each, according to contribution
To each, according to merit
To each, according to ability to pay